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DYSURIA: WARNING SIGNS OF UROPATHIES TO PAY ATTENTION

DYSURIA: WARNING SIGNS OF UROPATHIES TO PAY ATTENTION

10/09/2025

Dysuria is a symptom describing a painful, burning, or uncomfortable sensation during urination. This is not a disease, but rather a common manifestation in urinary tract diseases, especially urinary tract infections.

Classification

Dysuria is typically classified into two types based on its primary cause: 

  • Infectious dysuria: the most common type, associated with urinary tract infection (UTI), such as cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis... 

  • Noninfectious dysuria: caused by chemical irritation, stones, allergies, hormonal changes (such as in menopausal women), or structural functional disorders, ...

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Causes

  • Urinary tract infection

The most common cause of dysuria is a urinary tract infection (UTI), which accounts for a high percentage of uropathies. Cystitis often causes dysuria, urinary urgency, and increased frequency. Pyelonephritis also presents fever and flank pain.

  • Non-infectious causes

Dysuria can originate from non-infectious factors such as irritation from chemicals (fragranced soaps, hygiene products), hormonal changes (in menopausal women), stones, urethral malformations, or other conditions like tumors, urethral trauma…

Symptoms

The main symptoms are pain or burning during urination. With bladder-urethral infection, urinary urgency and increased frequency of urination are often present. Kidney infections may be accompanied by fever or lower back pain.

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Diagnosis:

  • History taking and clinical examination

  • Urinalysis: to look for white blood cells, nitrites, leukocyte esterase.

  • Urine culture: to identify pathogenic bacteria and appropriate antibiotics.

  • Imaging or endoscopy indications: in cases of recurrent infections, suspected stones, obstruction, or tumors. Methods include cystoscopy, renal and bladder ultrasound, or CT scan.

Treatments:

  • Antibiotics for UTI, according to culture results or clinical guidelines.

  • Supportive pain relief medication – for example, urinary pain relievers – is often an adjunct treatment, not the primary treatment.

  • Lifestyle changes support treatment and prevent recurrence:

    • Drink plenty of water to help flush out bacteria.

    • Avoid coffee, alcohol, and spicy food.

    • Do not hold urine; women should wipe from front to back, keep the genital area dry and clean; hygiene before and after intercourse; avoid using scented hygiene products.

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Reference:
Johns Hopkins Medicine
Raffles Medical Group
Johns Hopkins Medicine

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