POLYSOMNOGRAPHY - A DIAGNOSTIC METHOD FOR SLEEP DISORDERS

Polysomnography is an advanced diagnostic method used to identify sleep stages, detect the onset and duration of apnea and hypopnea, confirm diagnoses, and assess the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. It also provides valuable insights into sleep quality and potential underlying sleep-related issues. This non-invasive and painless test is now available at American International Hospital (AIH).

Register for a polysomnography appointment at: https://m.me/aih.com.vn

► What Is Polysomnography?   

Polysomnography (PSG) involves monitoring and studying sleep structure, and disorders occurring during sleep. It is helpful for diagnosing sleeping conditions such as: sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, abnormal movements during sleep, etc. In addition to diagnosing sleep disorders, PSG is also used to tailor treatment plans for patients with sleep disorders.

► Why Undergo Polysomnography?

Humans experience multiple sleep cycles every night. PSG tracks these cycles and stages to determine interruptions and their causes. This test helps diagnose and treat sleep disorders, improve sleep quality and assess overall health and well-being.   

► Who Should Undergo Polysomnography? 

• Individuals having suspected obstructive sleep apnea: This condition is one of the most common sleep disorders, characterized by partial or complete collapse of the upper airway during sleep. Its symptoms can be sleep apnea, loud snoring, daytime fatigue, or excessive daytime sleepiness.  

• People with insomnia, difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up frequently during the night.

• People who experience frequent loud snoring.

• Individuals with narcolepsy, frequent fatigue, excessive and uncontrollable daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep episodes.

• Individuals who experience sleepwalking or abnormal behaviors during sleep, such as moving or walking while asleep. 

• People diagnosed with Periodic limb movement disorder, characterized by an uncontrollable need to move legs, or discomfort in the legs during the evening or rest periods.

• Individuals requiring a pre-treatment evaluation for sleep apnea or other sleep disorders.

► Polysomnography at American International Hospital (AIH)

Polysomnography is a non-invasive and painless test, which requires patients to stay overnight at the hospital. AIH offers single rooms, which are designed to create a comfortable environment for effective polysomnography. Experienced pulmonologists specializing in sleep medicine will directly examine and oversee diagnosis and treatment for patients.  

During the test, doctors and nurses will gently place sensors on your scalp, temples, chest, and legs using adhesive materials like glue or tape. A small clip is attached to your finger or ear to monitor blood oxygen levels. 

Sensors will record various sleep parameters, including:  

• Brain waves (EEG)

• Eye movements (EOG)

• Muscle activity (EMG)

•  Heart rate

• Muscle movement (such as muscle contraction)

• Blood oxygen levels 

• Airflow through the nose and mouth.

• Muscle spasm

• Chest and abdominal wall movements.

• Sleep postures

• Snoring patterns. 

The next morning, sensors will be removed, and collected data shall be analyzed and assessed by a pulmonologist to diagnose potential sleep disorders and recommend suitable treatment plans.

► Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA):

• Indications for Treatment: Treatment is recommended for patients with symptoms like sleepiness, fatigue, or loud snoring/breathing obstruction. The goal is to reduce apnea episodes and improve sleep quality.

• Risk Factor Management: Manage obesity, hypertension, and lifestyle factors like alcohol/sedative use.

• Primary Treatments: Use CPAP machine or oral appliances. In severe or unresponsive cases, surgeries or nerve stimulation can be considered.

• Surgical and Supportive Methods: Surgeries are considered for specific anatomical issues. Airway stimulation devices or supplemental oxygen and anti-sleeping medicine can be applied.

• Adherence to Treatment: Consistent use of CPAP, as well as support from healthcare providers and family members, is crucial to achieve optimal outcomes.