TOOTH DECAY IN CHILDREN

Tooth decay is the breakdown, or destruction, of tooth enamel. Enamel is the hard outer surface of a tooth. Tooth decay can lead to cavities (caries). These are holes in the teeth.
 

What causes tooth decay in a child?
 

Tooth decay is caused by bacteria and other things. It can happen when foods containing carbohydrates (sugars and starches) are left on the teeth. 
 

Bacteria that normally live in the mouth change these foods, making acids. The combination of bacteria, food, acid, and saliva form a substance called plaque that sticks to the teeth. Over time, the acids made by the bacteria eat away at the tooth enamel, causing cavities.
 

How can I help prevent tooth decay in my child?
 

You can help prevent tooth decay in your child with these simple steps:
 

-Start brushing your child’s teeth as soon as the first one appears. Brush the teeth, tongue, and gums twice a day with a fluoride toothpaste. Or watch as your child brushes his or her teeth.
 

-For children younger than 3 years old, use only a small amount of toothpaste, about the size of a grain of rice. Starting at 3 years old, your child can use a pea-sized amount of toothpaste.
 

-Floss your child’s teeth daily after age 2.
 

-Make sure your child eats a well-balanced diet. Limit snacks that are sticky and high in sugars, such as chips, candy, cookies, and cake.
 

-Prevent the transfer of bacteria from your mouth to your child's by not sharing eating utensils. Don’t clean your infant’s pacifier with your saliva.
 

-If your child uses a bottle at bedtime, only put water in it. Juice or formula contain sugars that can lead to tooth decay.
 

-Talk with your child’s healthcare provider or dentist about using a fluoride supplement if you live in an area without fluoridated water. Also ask about dental sealants and fluoride varnish. 
 

-Schedule routine dental cleanings and exams for your child every 6 months.